Understanding Token Sales Mechanics

ICO History of the 2017–2018 Boom

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Reasons for the Decline of ICOs: Regulation and the Howey Test

Airdrops Instead of Token Sales

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The Return of the ICO Trend in 2025

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Infographic of top public token sales in June 2025 including Perena, Enso, and Hana.

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Notable Launches of 2025

How to Participate in an ICO (Using CoinList as an Example)

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What’s Next for ICOs

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Ethereum

Tezos

Uniswap

Arbitrum

Optimism

Pump.fun

Rocket labeled ICO 2.0 launching with a green check shield icon

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ICOs are making a comeback in 2025, fueled by a bullish market, retail demand, and new platforms like Sonar. With projects like Plasma and Pump.fun raising hundreds of millions, token sales are evolving—not disappearing.

ICOs Are Back in 2025 with New Rules and Bigger Demand

Optimism is a low-cost and lightning-fast Ethereum L2 blockchain.

Crypto.com Exchange lists Optimism (@optimismPBC) with OP/USDT and OP/BTC pairs.

Crypto.com Exchange Listing

DEVCON 2022 in Bogota, Colombia from Oct 11th to 14th at the Agora Bogotá Convention Center.

DEVCON 2022

"... Retroactive Public Goods Funding Round 2. In February 2023, 10M OP will be distributed to the people and projects powering..."

Public Goods Funding

DeFi Kitchen virtual event from March 9th to 16th.

DeFi Kitchen

"Optimism Goerli nodes need to be updated before March 17 at 19:00 UTC, when the Goerli Regolith hardfork takes place"

Regolith Hardfork

Optimism 2FA Integration

"If this vote passes, the Bedrock upgrade will be scheduled for execution 2 weeks after the vote passes, on March 15, at 9:00 AM PST."

Bedrock Upgrade

Optimism Bedrock

"Stay up to date on anything and everything in the Optimism ecosystem every Wednesday at our new regular air time of 4:20PM UTC."

OP Radio

"The official date of OP Mainnet's upgrade to Bedrock has been set... at 16:00 UTC!"

Mainnet Upgrade

"... OP circulating supply will increase. In the two weeks leading up to this date you may notice large onchain transfers."

Supply Increase

"Tune in on Monday to talk about Premia with Optimism community... 10am UTC"

Twitter Spaces

"The Ethereum Community Conference (EthCC) is the largest annual European Ethereum event focused on technology and community."

ETHCC 6

"Join 7000+ crypto enthusiasts and builders September 11-13th in Austin, TX. This 3 day experience is filled with keynotes from Web3..."

Permissionless 2023

"... Novel summit providing a location specifically for protocol research, decentralized infrastructure, and core-developer experience."

Protocol Berg

"Keep an eye out for an Optimistic NFT dropping... at 5PM UTC."

Optimistic NFT

"... The Token House will vote on whether or not to approve this change to OP Mainnet's security model."

Security Model Vote

"... At 17:00 UTC, there will be up to five minutes of downtime on OP Mainnet, as we upgrade the sequencer deployment configuration..."

"Devconnect is a week-long gathering of independent Ethereum events to learn, share, and make progress together."

Devconnect Istanbul

Spencer Noon

General partner at Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)

Arianna Simpson

Max Bronstein

Elena Burger

Hayden Adams

Pe9ter Szile1gyi

nathanhead.solana

CL207

An angel investor and advisor of Defi and NFT projects

Mariano Conti

Partner at Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) crypto

Eddy Lazzarin

Vitalik Buterin

Chris Dixon

Cooper Turley

Tier1 Venture Capital Company,  Fabric.vc

Fabric Ventures

Jesse Walden

Degen Spartan

evan.sui

satsdart

David Hoffman

Independent Ethereum Educator, Investor and Advisor

Anthony Sassano

dragos

Governance Fund

Partner Fund

Seed Fund

Ecosystem Fund

Future Airdrops

Retroactive Public Goods Funding

Retrodrops

Airdrops

Investors

Core Contributors

United States of America

Andreessen Horowitz, often referred to as "a16z," is a prominent venture capital firm based in Menlo Park, California. It was founded in 2009 by Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz, both of whom are well-known figures in the tech industry. Andreessen Horowitz is one of the leading venture capital firms in Silicon Valley and has gained a reputation for its investments in technology companies, particularly in the areas of software, internet, and more recently, blockchain and cryptocurrency.

Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)

Sale Link

Private Purchase

Paradigm is a cryptocurrency-focused investment firm and venture capital company. It was founded by Matt Huang and Fred Ehrsam, both of whom have significant experience in the cryptocurrency and blockchain industry. Paradigm is headquartered in San Francisco, California, and is considered a prominent player in the digital asset and blockchain investment space.

Paradigm

Info about investors

Series B Round

IDEO CoLab Ventures is a venture capital (VC) arm associated with IDEO CoLab, an innovation and design consultancy. IDEO CoLab Ventures focuses on investing in and supporting startups that are developing innovative technologies and solutions in emerging fields such as blockchain, decentralized finance (DeFi), and Web3 technologies.

IDEO CoLab Ventures

Series A Round

Seed Round

Core contributors

Retroactive Public Goods Funding (RetroPGF)

Airdrop #1

Ecosystem (Governance Fund)

Ecosystem (Partner Fund)

Ecosystem (Seed Fund)

Ecosystem (Unallocated)

Sugar xaddies (Seed, Series A & Series B Rounds)

Tokenomics

Medium

Discord

X (Twitter)

Github

Curve DAO

Immutable

Research Partner and Head of Research at Paradigm

Dan Robinson

Georgios Konstantopoulos

Banteg

Darren Lau

Cryptoyieldinfo

Peter Yuan Pan

Charles Curran

Evanss6

Saint

Kain

EvgenyGaevoy

Ignas | DeFi

Aftab Hossain

Specialist at Coinbase Cloud and an investor in crypto protocols

Viktor Bunin

notEezzy

Udi | BIP-420

CMS Holdings

tusharjain

Ali Yahya

smolting (wassie, verse)

Galois Capital is a crypto-focused hedge fund known for quantitative strategies and insights into blockchain markets and decentralized finance trends.

			Type	Stage
1	Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)Lead Ventures Capital	Tier 1	Ventures Capital	3 Rounds
2	IDEO CoLab Ventures Ventures Capital	Tier 1	Ventures Capital	2 Rounds
3	Paradigm Ventures Capital	Tier 1	Ventures Capital	3 Rounds

Optimism OP

Market Cap

FDV

Performance vs.

Investors

X Followers

X Performance

Fundraising Rounds

Private Purchase

Series B Round

Series A Round

Seed Round

Score
Details

Fundraising Statistics

Investors

Fundraising Statistics

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Details

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