Buterin believes that the line between UX and security should be blurred.
Security is not just protection against hacking, but a guarantee that the system does exactly what the user intended. The main problem with the crypto industry today is that there is no such thing as "perfect security." And it's not about bad code, but about the fact that human intentions (for example, "transfer 1 ETH to Bob") are too complex to be described unambiguously in mathematical language. Who is "Bob"? An address? A person? Which network? Which fork?
To solve this problem, Buterin proposes relying on the principle of redundancy: the system should allow the user to specify their intentions in several different ways and only perform the operation when all of them match.
Key mechanisms proposed for implementation:
- Transaction simulation: Before signing a transaction, the wallet must run a simulation and clearly show what will happen on the blockchain (which tokens will be debited, how much will be received, and what the risks are). Only after seeing the result does the user click "OK" or "Cancel."
- Smart spending limits and multi-signatures: If an action is classified as "high risk" (e.g., transferring a large amount to a new address), the system should require additional confirmations.
- The transaction must contain not only the action itself, but also its expected effect. The smart contract will only execute the transfer if both parameters match.
Buterin believes that LLMs can be of great help. They cannot be trusted with money management, but personalized AI can become your "common sense." Personalized AI is capable of tracking the typical behavior of a wallet owner and warning them if a transaction appears abnormal or suspicious.